Talking about How to Solve the Benefit Problem of Microgrid Integration

The Microgrid system has been the focus of power technology development in various countries in the world in recent years. The main benefits are summarized as two. First, because renewable energy is intermittent, a large amount of renewable energy incorporated into the grid will cause voltage fluctuations and affect the stability of regional grid power supply. The micro-grid has the function of stabilizing voltage and frequency, which can effectively introduce renewable energy into the grid and increase the utilization rate of regional grid renewable energy. Secondly, the microgrid has the function of Peak Shaving, which can reduce the demand specifications and costs of system equipment for peak power consumption, and cooperate with the time electricity price system to suppress electricity consumption and achieve energy saving and carbon reduction purposes.

In fact, Japan established the Smart Community alliance in 2010, and the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) conducted micro-grid demonstration projects in four cities including Yokohama, Toyota, Kyoto, and Kitakyushu; Mainland China The pilot of the microgrid is included in the 12th Five-Year Plan. The State Grid Power Corporation has established off-grid and grid-connected microgrid demonstration projects in Nanji Island and Luxi Island, respectively.

In 2012, the National Renewable Energy National Laboratory (NREL) and the Sacramento City Electric Power Company (SMUD) built a microgrid demonstration system in California; South Korea's State Grid further built a smart grid (Smart Grid) test on Jeju Island Area. As for the European Union, it proposes the seventh Framework Programme (Framework Programme 7). The leadership team of Athens University of Science and Technology built a microgrid test system on the island of Kythnos. In addition, Spain, Portugal, Germany and France also have microgrid demonstration projects. running.

Nuclear Research Institute accelerates microgrid testing for energy conservation and carbon reduction

In order to meet the international trend of energy saving and carbon reduction, the Taiwan Nuclear Energy Research Institute (hereinafter referred to as the Nuclear Research Institute) is also committed to the development of Autonomous microgrid technology and plans to proceed in three stages to effectively improve the domestic renewable energy utilization rate. The first phase of the system will focus on analysis and research and development of key technologies, and the second phase will integrate system engineering, using energy electronic technology with microgrid energy management and energy storage technology to develop regional grid renewable energy penetration rate of 10% (device capacity 20% ) Of power control technology.

In the third stage, system trial operation will be conducted, with a decentralized power generation architecture, demonstration and promotion of autonomously controlled micro-grid systems, smooth switching between mains parallel and island operation, and effective control of micro-grid renewable energy power generation penetration rate of 20% ( The capacity of the device is up to 40%), improving national energy security, developing emerging markets and joining advanced countries ’supply chains, while creating green jobs and opportunities for emerging energy industries.

At present, the Nuclear Research Institute has completed the construction of the first national-level 100-kW (kW) autonomous low-voltage 380 volt (V) micro-grid demonstration system and test platform (Figure 1), providing industry, academic units, research institutions, and power companies Carry out research and testing, and develop core technologies related to microgrid, including four key technologies: energy electronics, power system, smart control and energy management, grid-level energy storage system and application engineering technology.

Figure 1 Hundred-watt autonomous microgrid test site

The microgrid is connected in parallel with the mains via a static switch. When an internal fault or external mains fault occurs, the static switch uses active island detection technology to quickly confirm the fault and complete the isolation action; and the energy storage system uses a bidirectional power converter (Picture 2) Connected to the power grid of the microgrid, in a cycle, the current source is quickly converted to a stable voltage source to provide energy for the load to use.

Figure 2 Structure diagram of a bidirectional power converter device

When the static switch trips, the voltage of the power grid of the microgrid will drop suddenly. At this time, the distributed power supply is equipped with a renewable energy power converter with real, virtual power control and low voltage ride-through function (LVRT) (Figure 3). Within the tolerable voltage range, it is continuously connected to the power grid of the microgrid, so that the internal power supply of the microgrid is continuous, and a smooth switch between the parallel mode of the commercial power supply and the island operation mode is achieved. When the internal fault of the microgrid is eliminated or the external mains is restored, the static switch judges that the mains is normal, and then uses the bidirectional power converter to adjust the real and virtual power output to the microgrid power bus. When the internal and external power bus voltage and frequency are synchronized After (Figure 4), the static switch is closed, and the microgrid is reconnected to the grid.

Figure 3 Renewable energy power converter with real virtual power control and low voltage ride-through function

Figure 4 Synchronous waveforms of the internal and external grid voltages of the microgrid static switch reconnected to the grid.

At present, the nuclear power plant microgrid has completed the aforementioned static switch with active island detection technology, bidirectional power converter with real and virtual power output control, current source conversion voltage source smooth switching technology, and renewable energy power conversion with low voltage ride-through function Device development and functional testing.

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