China Power Grid Integration Dispatch Leader

Klaus Uhler, Chairman of the International Electrotechnical Commission, evaluated China's independent research and development of key technologies and application of large-scale power grid integration dispatching and control systems. "This is a major achievement in China's power grid dispatching field. Project innovation The results have reached the international advanced level and have enhanced China's international discourse power in the field of power grid dispatch."

In January 2014, the key technology and large-scale application of the large-scale grid integrated dispatching and control system won the 2013 National Second Prize for Scientific and Technological Progress. The project has been successfully applied to 32 provincial-level or higher-level keynotes of the national grid, 9 provincial-level independent standbys and 57 prefecture-level dispatches, covering all grades of protection and four-level systems, and realizing the integration and cooperation of multi-level dispatching and control business of large-scale power grids. Promote the effective consumption of renewable energy. The key technology of the integrated dispatching control system has become an indispensable technical means for large-scale power grid dispatching.

[R & D demand]

Electricity is the lifeline of the national economy and serves millions of households. The power system is one of the most complex artificial systems to date. Light is transmitted at the speed of light, it is not easy to store, power generation, transmission, and electricity are instantaneously completed. It must be balanced in real time. The production operation of modern power systems is highly dependent on power grid dispatching control technology, and it has become an important tool for grid operation control.

The China Super Large Power Grid has formed an International Large Power Grid Operational Organization (VLPGO) to call a power grid with an installed capacity of more than 60 million kilowatts as a super-large power grid.

At present, China’s power grid has become the largest power grid in the world with the highest voltage rating, the largest amount of electricity, the largest installed capacity of renewable energy, and the AC/DC hybrid. By the end of 2012, the installed capacity of the country reached 1.145 billion kilowatts, of which the installed capacity of wind power has reached 76 million kilowatts. China Power Grid, together with the U.S. and European power grids, has become the world's three largest power grids.

The characteristics of the ultra-large power grid is that it covers multiple areas, and multiple scheduling agencies jointly complete the operation control. The system operation is characterized by closeness, and the whole network dispatches and controls the coordinated operation.

As an important infrastructure of the country, power grid security is directly related to national security. The above characteristics of the ultra-large grid require China to adopt an integrated dispatch control system.

Annual growth in renewable energy grid-connected electricity By the end of 2013, the grid-connected capacity of wind power and photovoltaic power generation on the State Grid had reached 70.37 million kilowatts and 15.46 million kilowatts respectively, an increase of 24% and 360% year-on-year, and the national grid has become the world's wind power grid integration. The largest and fastest growing photovoltaic grid.

In recent years, China's wind power, hydropower and other renewable energy grid-connected electricity has increased year by year. Especially in 2013, distributed photovoltaic power generation projects have sprung up across the country. According to data from the Jiangsu Provincial Energy Bureau, by the end of 2013, the cumulative installed PV capacity of Jiangsu Province has reached 650,000 kilowatts, ranking first in the country.

China's energy resources and load centers are in reverse distribution. Large-scale grid-connected renewable energy such as wind power and hydropower are needed. Objectively, large-scale resource allocation must be achieved through the dispatch of large power grids. This puts forward higher requirements on the analysis, prediction and control capabilities of the power grid and the level of automation: the power grid must not only adopt integrated dispatching and control techniques to ensure its safe and economical operation, but also need to overcome the whole-network real-time operating conditions sharing and joint operation control. , Major grid accident coordination of multi-control center, large-scale renewable energy grid operation and consumption, and other world-class technical problems. China Power Grid urgently needs to develop a new generation of power grid dispatching and control systems to achieve coordinated multi-level dispatching operations and coordinated control of large power grids.

[technical innovation]

In order to solve the technical difficulties encountered by the ultra-large power grid, the project adopts the technical principles of integration and standardization, and based on independent innovation, it has taken the lead in developing an integrated dispatching control system for large power grids in the international community. For the first time, it has developed a horizontal integration of large-scale power grid dispatching control services. The integrated support platform for vertical integration has overcome many technical difficulties and formed a number of technical standards at home and abroad.

Overcoming four major problems

In May 2004, more than 40 companies, including the State Grid Corporation of China, the State Grid Institute of Electric Power, the China Academy of Electric Power, and other joint production, research, and research institutes, formed a team to jointly tackle the problem. The project has invested a total of RMB 110 million in scientific research funding and has been supported by the National “Nuclear High Base” project. At the beginning of the program, the R&D team knew that in order to realize the objectives of multi-level scheduling, coordinated operation, and coordinated control of large-scale power grids, four major challenges must be solved at the same time:

Safe operation of complex large power grids. From an international point of view, in the past decade, major blackouts such as the “8-14” in the United States and Canada, and “11-4” in Europe have caused tremendous losses to the society. The accident analysis shows that the lack of means for information sharing, on-line tracking and analysis, and coordinated control of the entire network is an important cause of the accident's gradual development and expansion. Therefore, the problem of safe operation of complex large-scale power grids needs to be solved.

Large-scale economic and low-carbon scheduling. The original power generation dispatching method based on local balance has been difficult to meet the requirements for large-capacity long-distance transmission of large-scale power grids, large-scale grid-connected renewable energy, and energy-saving emission reduction. Therefore, large-scale power grids need to break through technologies for large-scale economic and low-carbon scheduling. problem.

Scheduled control security. Cyberspace has now become an information battlefield. Seismic networks and flame viruses have targeted attacks on the national infrastructure internal network, threatening the existing security system based on border protection. The grid does not need to innovate internal security prevention and control and standby scheduling technologies to resolve dispatch control. Security protection problems.

Standard unified platform. The operation of large grids requires real-time conditions for network sharing and multi-level coordination of dispatching control. The original ten or more independent service systems of the dispatch center cannot effectively support the need for the development of an integrated support platform to crack the entire network of grid models, graphics, and real-time data sharing. Technical challenges for efficient business collaboration.

Five breakthroughs

Technical standards such as CIM/E and CIM/G were proposed, and an integrated support platform based on wide-area bus technology, distributed real-time database, and unified management of large-scale power grid models was developed, which solved the sharing of real-time operating conditions of multi-control centers in large power grids. Major technical problems.

Developed real-time monitoring, comprehensive intelligent alarms and security control technologies for multi-level dispatching and cooperative large-scale power grids, realizing network-wide real-time linkage alarms for 500 kV and above power grid failures on the national grid, and taking the lead in resolving multi-level scheduling coordination control and faults in large-scale power grid operations. Joint disposal of technical problems.

For the first time, an on-line dynamic safety early warning technology based on real-time measured operating conditions, event triggering, and multi-stage scheduling interactions of large-scale power grids has been developed, which has improved the real-time performance of the assessment of safety status of large-scale power grids and solved the major problems of early warning and multiple-fault handling of long chain processes. The online security early warning of coordinated operation of multiple dispatch centers was realized.

Established a power generation dispatch optimization model that takes account of economy, energy conservation, and safety, and developed a multi-objective, multi-time scale, multi-level coordinated ultra-large-scale economic dispatch optimization technology. The self-adaptive rolling optimization technology and the refined safety check method for the pre-day, intraday, and real-time power generation plans were proposed, which improved the ability to optimize the allocation of power resources in a wider range and the recyclable energy absorption capacity.

For the first time, a power grid dispatching control system based on home-made software and hardware equipment that satisfies the national level four-grade safety requirement has been developed. A distributed distributed standby system has been built at or above the provincial level, and a dual data plane for dispatching private data networks has been established based on hierarchical VPNs. The stronger defense system of the power secondary system in depth has effectively improved the ability of the power grid to defend against major natural disasters and group-style cyber attacks.

International has not developed similar technologies

The large-scale grid integrated dispatching control system has for the first time developed an integrated support platform that adapts to the large-scale grid dispatching control business, “horizontal integration, vertical integration”, overcoming the multi-level scheduling coordination of large-scale power grid intelligent alarm and coordination control, the whole network joint online security stability Major technical problems such as analysis and safety constrained unit combination have enabled the integration and coordinated operation of multi-level (State Grid) dispatch control business of large electric power grids and promoted the effective consumption of renewable energy.

In the end, the project formed 2 IEC international standards, 1 national standard, 7 industry standards, 24 enterprise standards, 3 international patents, 10 authorized invention patents, 4 software copyrights, and 135 published papers. The project was awarded the 2013 National Second Prize for Scientific and Technological Progress and National Strategic Innovation Products. The key technologies won the first prize for the 2011 and 2012 China Power Science and Technology Awards and the 14th China Patent Award for Outstanding Inventions.

After consulting the information, the U.S. and Europe launched the R&D of integrated power grid control technology in 2003, but no mature technology products have been formed yet.
[Application effect]

The key technology and large-scale application of the large-scale grid integrated dispatching and control system are major independent innovations in the power industry, which have led China in the field of international power grid dispatch and control, and ensured the safety, economy, energy saving and environmental protection of the ultra-large power grids, as well as economic and social development in China. And national security is of great significance.

"Social benefits are difficult to assess"

In 2009, the large-scale power grid integrated dispatching control system completed the research and development of the project and was put into operation. Subsequently, the dispatching and control center at the provincial level above the national power grid was fully promoted and applied. As of the end of 2013, the project results have been successfully applied to 32 provincial-level and higher-level dispatches and 57 prefecture-level dispatches of the national grid, covering all grade-protected four-level systems and becoming an indispensable main technical means for super-large grid dispatch.

After consulting the application certificate of the project, the application and social benefits show that: “In December 2010, the National Smart Grid Pilot Project completed the field acceptance and was put into operation. The system is mature and stable, and the operation is safe and reliable.... Completed and put into operation, the level of national grid dispatch technology and equipment has been greatly improved, and the ability to control large grids has been improved. It has played an important role in ensuring the safe and stable operation of the grid and reliable power supply, and social benefits are difficult to estimate.”

From 2010 to 2012, the national power grid consumed 472,706,939 billion kwh of wind power, with an average annual growth rate of more than 30%, and the installed capacity of wind power reached 55.49 million kilowatts; in 2012, 58.86 billion kilowatts of hydropower was connected to the grid. , Water use efficiency increased by 7.1%.

After adjusting the application system in Fujian Province, the annual average coal consumption for power generation is reduced by 1%, the loss reduction is 360 million kilowatt-hours, and the water saving and issuance of additional 140 million kilowatt-hours; after the application of the system in Jiangsu Province, the annual reduction in power generation coal consumption is 1.9%, and the reduction of carbon dioxide emission is 3.926 million tons. .

A series of figures show that the integrated power grid dispatch control system has promoted the effective consumption of renewable energy, played an important role in promoting the use of clean energy and new energy, and provided technical support for energy conservation and emission reduction. Great social benefits.

The safety is significant

The system application and social benefits of Huazhong Power Grid Co., Ltd. show: “Through the integration mechanism, relying on the system to realize the mutual-distribution function of Central China-North China, we have improved the standby dispatching emergency protection system of the power grid, and the standby adjustment function has been put into daily operation, and many successful practical exercises. Through the application of the in-depth safety protection system, the safety and reliability of the system have been greatly improved. Since the operation, the operation has been stable, safe and reliable."

In 2012, the ultra-large grid integrated dispatching control system successfully alerted more than 500 power grid failures, successfully resisted 22 times of severe grid faults, and ensured the successful implementation of planned blackouts for more than 12,000 major network devices, achieving 220 thousand. More than 348 substations and 1134 lines were put into operation safely.

Cases and figures prove that the application of the system has ensured the safe and stable economic operation of the national grid and has ensured the safe and economic operation of the ultra-large grid. In addition, it has played an important role in the safe production of power grids, summer peaks, and winter peaks. It has successfully completed major national security measures such as the 18th National Congress, the 60th anniversary of the National Day, the Shanghai World Expo, the launch of the “Two Conferences” and “Shen 9”, etc. task.

[Evaluation by all parties]

The project has a correct technical route, wide application prospects, and significant economic and social benefits. The research results with independent intellectual property rights are based on an integrated system architecture based on a unified platform and four major applications, comprehensive intelligent analysis and alarms for large power grids, network analysis and on-line stability analysis for large-scale synchronous high-voltage power grids, and multi-level and multi-time scales. The integrated decision-making and security check of the dispatching plan has reached the international advanced level.

—— Expert Group of “Study and Application of Key Technologies for Smart Grid Dispatch Technology Support System” organized by China Society for Electrical Engineering This is a world-class achievement and a great progress in the field of smart grids in China and the world!

-- Klaus Ukhler, Chairman of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) China National Grid has taken the lead in implementing the new features proposed in the white paper of VLPGO, leading the European and American power grids for three to five years.

- Alan Steven, Secretary-General of the International Large Grid Operation Organization (VLPGO)