Daily maintenance of various parts of the elevator - Solutions - Huaqiang Electronic Network

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According to the annual inspection situation to determine whether it is necessary to repair, the maintenance unit with the ability to use the elevator and the technical personnel with elevator expertise, you can establish a maintenance organization, or you can entrust the unit to obtain the elevator maintenance permit issued by the government management department for maintenance. .
Elevator operation and maintenance When the maintenance personnel use the emergency landing door key to open the landing door, they should concentrate and be clear-headed before preparing to enter the top of the hoistway car. Although the landing door has been opened, when entering the hoistway, it will be forced to close the door, the device closes the landing door to return to normal operation, and can answer the call. Therefore, it is necessary to transfer the inspection switch in the car to the inspection state and the emergency stop button before entering the hoistway. When the maintenance personnel quickly enters the car, be careful not to stay at the docking point of the landing door. At the same time, the maintenance switch of the car top inspection box is turned on, and the car top maintenance personnel are absolutely not allowed to command the car interior personnel to operate the elevator operation and maintenance work.
The maintenance reducer of the reducer should be stable without vibration. The main requirement is that the worm gear and the worm are well matched. Due to the wear of the worm wheel and the worm, the flank clearance is increased, which will cause vibration when the car is running. At this time, the gasket of the bearing base at both ends of the worm wheel shaft can be adjusted. If its worm gear shaft is eccentric shaft structure, the bolt of the worm wheel eccentric shaft bearing cover can be loosened, and the shaft is rotated to adjust the lateral clearance of the coupling. The range of the flank clearance should be adjusted according to the specifications of each manufacturer because it is directly related to the tooth shape, lubricating oil, structure, processing technology, and the like. During the start-up and braking process of the elevator, the car has a large impact vibration feeling during the speed change and commutation operation, which may be caused by the axial clearance increase caused by the wear of the screw thrust bearing. At this point, the worm shaft end flange can be opened, the worm shaft end nut and the flange paper pad can be adjusted or the thrust thrust bearing can be replaced. The axial clearance range should be adjusted according to the specifications of each manufacturer. The flank clearance and axial clearance must be adjusted by experienced, professionally trained staff. Lubricating oil in the body of the gearbox should be added at any time according to the position indicated by the oil level. Clean the tank every half year and replace with new oil. Lubricating oil is recommended to use Lanzhou Refinery No. 150 or No. 320 oil. There should be no oil leakage between the box cover, the peephole, the bearing cover and the joint with the box. If the protruding end of the worm is sealed, it should be observed at any time. It should be 1 drop for 3~5 minutes. Adjust the end cap nut of the packing, it is not suitable to squeeze too tight, so as to avoid the worm holding shaft failure. If the protruding end of the worm is a mechanical seal structure, it is found that the oil leakage should be replaced in time. The rolling bearing on the worm gear shaft should be filled with 3~5g calcium-based grease every month to ensure 2/3 of the space filled in the bearing chamber. The temperature rise of the gearbox should not be higher than 60. C, the maximum oil temperature should not be higher than 80 °C. When the rolling bearing produces uneven noise, knocking sound or temperature is too high, it should be repaired or replaced in time. Always check the bolts at the reducer coupling, there should be no looseness.
Elevator stop ladder maintenance When the car operation and maintenance work is not required, the maintenance personnel should disconnect the switch at the following position: (1) When the machine room is in, disconnect the main power switch. (2) When the car top is closed, disconnect the safety gear linkage switch and the emergency stop switch of the car top inspection box. (3) In the car, the emergency stop button on the control box should be dropped and the power switch should be disconnected. (4) In the pit, the safety switch of the speed limiter tensioning device and the emergency stop switch of the pit repair box should be disconnected.
Maintenance of mechanical brakes often check for elastic wear and aging of the flexible coupling. If the above situation is found, it should be replaced in time to avoid the impact sound, car vibration and noise during operation. The brake action should be flexible and reliable, and the electromagnetic armature should slide freely in the guiding copper sleeve. If there is a delay in action, it should be repaired in time to remove the oil stain in the copper sleeve. A little talcum powder can be added as a lubricant. Wherever the pin is, it should always be lubricated with oil. When it is found that there is oil accumulation, it should be removed and cleaned. Keep braking performance reliable and often remove oil splashing on the brake wheel. The temperature rise of the brake coil should generally not be higher than 60 ° C, and the maximum temperature should not be higher than 105 ° C. Always check the coil terminals for looseness and ensure good insulation. When the brake is working, the brake shoe should be closely and evenly attached to the working surface of the brake wheel; when the brake is released, the clearance of the brake shoe along the working surface of the brake wheel should be between 0.5 and 0.7 mm, and the two brake shoes should be consistent. . If the gap is too large, the brake deceleration will increase and the comfort will be affected, so the gap is often adjusted. Especially after running for a period of time, the working surface of the brake shoe and the brake wheel is more smooth. At this time, after the release of the brake, the gap can be adjusted to the minimum friction without friction, and the ride comfort will be significantly improved. When the nail of the fixed brake band is exposed, it should be replaced in time to avoid friction with the brake wheel. When the brake force is found to be weak, the spring nut can be adjusted to increase the braking force. If the brake shoe and the brake wheel are found to be concentric, the gasket at the bottom of the brake base should be adjusted in time.
Maintenance of the traction sheave When the traction sheave rope groove wear is inconsistent, or if the serious unevenness is like a twist, which affects the use, the traction rope should be taken off and fixed with a special rope groove template cutter and the reducer for maintenance. Speed ​​running to repair the rope groove. At the same time, adjust the combination of the traction rope and the rope head to make the tension between the ropes consistent. The traction sheave, which cannot be repaired due to severe wear, should be replaced with the manufacturer.
The forced air fan for the maintenance motor of the traction motor is controlled by a temperature relay embedded in the stator of the motor. When the internal temperature of the motor rises to 55 °C, the fan starts to work, and the temperature drops when the observer is 45 °C. The fan power supply can be used as a lighting power source, and the fan still continues to work when the traction motor stops working. The temperature of the traction motor should be checked at any time when the temperature of the traction motor rises. If the problem is found, it should be contacted with the manufacturer for replacement or repaired by the manufacturer. If you continue to use it, you will burn the main motor. The oil level in the sump of the sliding bearing should be checked at any time and the lubricant added as indicated by the oil line. The oil should be replaced no more than half a year. When replacing, remove all the oil in the oil tank, and wash the oil tank chamber with gasoline and then inject the lubricating oil of the specified viscosity. Always pay attention to the working condition of the bearing oil ring to ensure that the bearing has enough lubricating oil. If the oil ring is found to rotate very quickly and there is a slight noise, the oil may be insufficient. If the oil ring rotates slowly, it is poor lubrication. The temperature of the sleeve should not exceed 80 °C. If it is found that the worm shaft is not concentric with the motor shaft during inspection, it should be adjusted in time. The degree of non-centering of the rigid joint shall not exceed 0.02 mm, and the elastic joint shall be no more than 0.1 mm.
The maintenance of the control cabinet should be checked frequently to eliminate the dust of the contactor, the relay and the grease on the suction surface of the electromagnet. Check whether the contact of the contact is reliable, whether the insulation of the suction coil is good, whether the mechanical interlock device is reliable, and whether the relay and the contactor are in contact with each other for significant noise. There is no breakage at the wire lead of the moving contact. The wires at the terminal are connected and should be tightened without looseness. When replacing the fuse, its fuse current should match the loop. The rated current of the general control loop fuse should be consistent with the rated current of the loop power supply. The rated current of the motor circuit fuse should be 2.5~3 times of the rated current of the motor.
If the maintenance of the speed measuring device is oscillating when the car is in the vertical direction or the speed control system is started, the first step is to check whether the tachometer generator is installed and the traction motor spindle. concentric. If it is a toothed nylon belt or a V-belt drive, check whether the belt is worn or damaged. These conditions directly affect the stability of the tachogenerator output voltage, so it must be replaced if there is any problem. Check the speed generator brush every quarter. If the wear is serious, it should be replaced and the carbon waste in the motor should be removed. At the same time, add calcium-based grease to the bearing. If the speed measuring device is an optical code disk, check whether the photoelectric sensor is intact, whether the transmitting and receiving mirrors are clean, whether the installation position is changed, and so on.