Analysis of integrated thermal imaging positioning system

Thermal imaging technology refers to: through non-contact detection, the infrared energy (heat) generated by the object radiation is converted into an electrical signal, and the thermal radiation image is finally formed after information processing. The infrared energy has a longer wavelength (0.75-14 μm) and cannot be detected by the naked eye. It is part of the electromagnetic spectrum, and humans perceive it as heat. Unlike visible light, in the infrared spectrum, any object with a temperature above absolute zero can radiate infrared heat. The higher the temperature, the stronger the infrared energy radiated. Thermal imaging cameras make effective use of this feature of infrared heat. Even in the absence of visible light, they can still provide clear and effective live images without the need for auxiliary lighting equipment.

Thermal imaging technology VS LowLightTM

LowLightTM low-light technology uses high-sensitivity CCD (such as Exview HAD CCD, etc.), DSS digital fast and slow door adjustment to improve the low-light performance of the camera. The increase in exposure time makes the CCD more sensitive to light, thereby enhancing image brightness and clarity. The application advantages of LowLightTM low light technology are simple equipment (only the camera is enough), and the price is popular (the technology has been popularized). The disadvantage is that the brightness of the image is at the expense of image continuity. In the end, LowLightTM low light technology still depends on the lighting Limited to visible light spectrum. When the environment is dark, smoke or obstructed, LowLightTM is obviously at a loss.

Thermal imaging technology does not depend on visible light due to infrared radiation imaging, regardless of whether the ambient light is strong or weak, and visibility (occlusion) is high or low, which does not affect effective imaging. Therefore, thermal imaging technology completely solves the technical bottleneck that must rely on "visible light" and expands the application of video surveillance systems to a wider range.

Thermal imaging technology VS main infrared technology

Many users often confuse the understanding of primary infrared technology and thermal imaging technology. In fact, although both technologies use infrared spectroscopy imaging, the imaging principles are quite different.

The main infrared technology uses the principle that the CCD camera (in black and white mode) can sense the near-infrared spectrum (0.75-1.0μm), and an auxiliary infrared lighting device (such as an infrared lamp) is installed near the CCD camera, and the infrared light reflected by the infrared source is used Imaging purpose. Thermal imaging technology senses mid- and far-infrared spectroscopy (3.0 ~ 8.0μm, 8.0 ~ 14.0μm), and uses (non-refrigerated) alumite microbolometer to sense infrared energy emitted by objects.

The main infrared technology has not been widely used so far. The problem lies in the technical drawbacks of infrared auxiliary lighting equipment. The illumination range is small, the sensitivity is low, and the energy consumption is large; the volume is bulky and the service life is short. The most fatal weakness is that the infrared light emitted by the infrared auxiliary lighting equipment is easily detected, thereby exposing itself. Thermal imaging technology completely discards the problematic infrared auxiliary lighting equipment because it senses the infrared energy emitted from the radiation of the object, and fundamentally eliminates the above disadvantages and weaknesses.

Thermal imaging technology + integrated positioning technology = integrated thermal imaging positioning system

Traditionally, thermal imaging cameras are mostly used in production, inspection and maintenance process monitoring in various industries. Most of the equipment, instruments, circuits and products, and buildings that are not in normal operation will exhibit abnormal temperature. Of course, thermal imaging technology is also widely used in the military field, but most of them are used as accessories for military equipment. Therefore, to successfully apply thermal imaging technology to the video surveillance industry, it is necessary to improve the thermal imaging camera according to the characteristics of the video surveillance industry. As a result, an integrated thermal imaging positioning system came into being. The so-called integrated thermal imaging positioning system is an innovative product combining thermal imaging technology and integrated positioning technology.

For the video surveillance industry, "integrated positioning system" is no stranger. The integrated positioning system is a high-density integrated technology that integrates the camera, lens, protective cover, gimbal and decoder. If the equipment is used outdoors, it will further integrate accessories such as wipers, sunshades, fans, heaters, etc. to cope with the harsh outdoor environment and have ideal anti-typhoon performance. The advantages of the integrated positioning technology are that the camera has a small and beautiful appearance, convenient and safe installation, fast and accurate positioning, a full range of long-range monitoring range, and provides rich and excellent intelligent functions (preset position, scanning, alarm) Linkage, window shielding, etc.). The integrated positioning system is widely used in outdoor environments such as airports, highways, ports and docks, and urban road plazas. It is irreplaceable in the outdoor field due to the above inherent characteristics.

It is precisely because the integrated positioning system fully represents the characteristics of the video surveillance industry, the integrated thermal imaging positioning system enters the video surveillance industry with a new and practical appearance.

Optical parameters and significance of integrated thermal imaging positioning system

Microbolometer

Microbolometer is a camera component of an integrated thermal imaging positioning system. There are usually two types of cooling and non-cooling. The non-refrigerated type is better, because the non-refrigerated microbolometer does not require liquid nitrogen and Stirling refrigeration, it can work continuously for a long time without maintenance, long life and no sound when working, and the startup time is short. No matter indoor or outdoor use, the instrument is not affected by sunlight, climate and other high temperature objects.

Thermal sensitivity

It can be simply defined as the minimum temperature of the instrument or the observer that can accurately distinguish the target radiation from the background. The thermal sensitivity value is about small, which means that the thermal sensitivity is higher.

Field of view It is the abbreviation of the angle of view of the optical system, and represents the spatial range that can be imaged within the field of view diaphragm of the optical system. When the object is located at any point (within a certain distance) in the cone with the optical axis as the axis and the apex angle as the field angle, it can be discovered by the optical system, that is, imaged in the field diaphragm of the image plane of the optical system, that is, The maximum opening angle of the object space that the object can image in the thermal imaging camera is called the field of view, which is generally the matrix field of view of ao × βo. Similar to the concept of effective pixels in CCD cameras. The larger the field of view, the higher the image clarity.

Pixel size

Pixel size refers to the size of each pixel in the field of view of the ao × βo matrix. Generally, the smaller the pixel size, the higher the thermal sensitivity.

Spectral response

This refers to the response range of the thermal imaging camera to the infrared spectrum. There are usually two response ranges of the mid-infrared spectrum and the far-infrared spectrum. Far infrared spectroscopy (8.0-14.0μm) is better, because the mid-infrared spectroscopy (3.0-8.0μm) has a shorter wavelength and is more permeable to some substances, making it impossible to image normally.

On-site temperature range

The on-site temperature range refers to the highest temperature that the thermal imaging camera can sense and image. Once the object exceeds this temperature, the camera will not be able to give an edge image. This is similar to the oversaturation phenomenon of ordinary CCD cameras. The higher the temperature range, the wider the dynamic image range of the thermal imaging camera.

In addition, in order to facilitate readers to identify the above parameters, the specifications of a brand integrated thermal imaging positioning system are now used as examples:

· Uncooled alumite microbolometer (uncooled, Vanadium Oxide Microbolometer);

· Sensitivity (sensiTIvity): <40mk@F1.0;

· Field of view (array format): 320 × 240;

· Pixel size (pixel size): 38μm;

· Spectrum response: 7.5-13.5μm, far infrared induction (LWIR);

· Scene temp range: up to 150 ℃, up to 560 ℃ (optional);

· Image display mode (display format): White Hot, Black Hot, Sepia, Rainbow.

Typical application of integrated thermal imaging positioning system

Military alert

The integrated thermal imaging positioning system can see bridges, dams, pipelines, power stations or platforms with only a slight change in the temperature of the object, and any building can be seen at a glance. Any environmental activities, animals and humans are within sight. It is worth mentioning that regardless of whether the scene is in darkness, dense fog and smoke, or there are leaves and other obstructions, the integrated thermal imaging camera can still find the suspicious target first, priority over the naked eye and even high-definition high-magnification standard camera .

Manufacturing

Qualification and safety testing of manufactured products and equipment. When quality problems occur in many products and equipment, abnormal temperature changes often occur, such as leakage, short circuit, and breakage. The integrated thermal imaging positioning system can be displayed and reflected on the image immediately when the problem occurs, which strengthens the safety management of the process flow and saves the effort of manpower monitoring.

Petrochemical

It can safely monitor the temperature of the furnace, the position of the liquid in the container, electrical machinery, transportation pipelines and the processing of petrochemical products. The petrochemical industry belongs to a high-risk monitoring site. There are often flammable and explosive substances in the environment, and people should be avoided as much as possible. Most leaks and explosion accidents will be characterized as abnormal temperatures in advance. The integrated thermal imaging positioning system is a safety partner in the petrochemical industry.

Forest fire prevention

Forest fire prevention early warning and protection of major projects in China's forestry properties. At present, most of the forest fire prevention monitoring uses high-zoom PTZ cameras. However, due to the limited zoom factor of the camera and the luxuriant obstruction of the forest branches and leaves, the fire detection and alarm rate are relatively low. The use of integrated thermal imaging positioning system can overcome the problems of foliage blocking and remote monitoring, and fundamentally strengthen the early detection of fire (temperature change). At the same time, the integrated thermal imaging positioning system has the characteristics of wide monitoring range, agile and flexible, accurate positioning and intelligent development, which brings benefits to the rapid early warning mechanism of forest monitoring.

Power metallurgy

Application areas such as substations, power plants, and iron and steel plants are also where the integrated thermal imaging positioning system can be used. It is undoubtedly the top priority for the monitoring of the power metallurgy industry to detect whether the current accumulated through the resistance contact is normal for heat, and whether the refractory inside the torpedo tank filled with molten iron is damaged.

Other industries, such as road paving, construction engineering, scientific research and animal medicine, are all occasions where the function of integrated thermal imaging positioning system can play its role.

Conclusion

The introduction of an integrated thermal imaging positioning system has brought the video surveillance industry into a new era of imaging technology applications. Thermal imaging technology has completely broken the bottleneck of the CCD camera's "light limitation" and opened up a brand-new development space for the global market. It is believed that in the future, the integrated thermal imaging positioning system will replace the CCD camera in a large number of application fields and become a new video security partner integrating multiple monitoring functions (security monitoring, device monitoring, process monitoring, etc.). funcTIon ImgZoom (Id) // Re-set the image size to prevent the form from being broken {var w = $ (Id) .width; var m = 650; if (w <m) {return;} else {var h = $ (Id) .height; $ (Id) .height = parseInt (h * m / w); $ (Id) .width = m;}} window.onload = funcTIon () {var Imgs = $ ("content"). getElementsByTagName ( "img"); var i = 0; for (; i

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