Recently, China launched two Beidou navigation satellites, increasing the number of members of the Beidou navigation satellite family to 19. Compared with the "brothers", the localization rate of the new "Beidou Brothers" components has increased to 98%, and all the key components and components have been localized, which is full of Chinese innovation. From the "hometown" of Beidou navigation satellite - China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, the five institutes learned that the new technology and new products of Beidou Double Star accounted for nearly 80% of all its products, which was unprecedented in the satellites previously developed by China Aerospace. How is this achieved? Difficult upgrade The newly launched two Beidou navigation satellites are an upgraded version of the previously launched satellites. This “upgrade†is reflected in the “heartâ€, “brain†and “bone and bone†of Beidou Double Star. "Beidou Navigation Double Star 'Brothers' is an upgraded version of their 'brothers'." Xie Jun, chief designer of Beidou Navigation Satellite System of China Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, said that this "upgrade" is reflected in the "heart" of Beidou Double Star. "Brain", "bone bones" and other aspects. The cesium atomic clock is the "heart" of the satellite navigation and positioning system, and its performance index is one of the main factors determining the positioning system index. However, in the 1980s, when the development of Beidou navigation satellites was just beginning, it was limited by the industrial manufacturing base and innovation ability. The key products similar to the cesium atomic clock can only be purchased from Western countries. Xie Jun still remembers the hardships and grievances that they were still unable to talk about from the time when they negotiated with the head of a European company from daytime negotiations to 4 or 5 in the morning. "You must do it yourself!" The five institutes Xi'an Branch and 510 scientific research personnel made up their minds to overcome a series of problems and developed China's first cuckoo clock, which completely replaced foreign products. Xie Jun said that compared with the previous, the positioning, ranging and timing of the new generation of high-precision cuckoo clocks are more precise and can provide more accurate positioning services. The high-orbit satellite integrated electronic system equipped by the Beidou Double Star "Brothers" is called the "strongest brain" of China's satellites. In the past, China's satellites have two "brains", one is responsible for thinking, vision and limb movement, and the other is responsible for the physiological regulation of the satellite and communication with the outside world. The General Department of the Fifth Hospital and the 502 Institute have developed an "integrated electronic system" that can use a system to realize the functions of the "brains" of the past two satellites, so as to achieve "one brain and two uses." The "best brain" applies the quad-core system-on-chip SoC2012 and the localized ASIC chip with independent intellectual property rights in China. These two products, from the solution to the control algorithm, from the hardware to the SpaceOS2.0 operating system, to the application software, are 100% made in China, and the performance has reached the international leading level. In the process of transshipment, launching and patrolling, the Beidou Double Star "Brothers" must pass the test of high temperature, high pressure and severe vibration, and must have a strong and stable "reinforced steel bone". To this end, the five departments of the General Department and the 529 factory have captured many world-class technical difficulties, giving them the first truss-type main bearing structure to achieve a stronger carrying capacity and lighter weight, so that the Beidou double-star "brother" in accuracy The overall deviation does not exceed the thickness of a single hair. In the future, everyone’s circle of friends may be able to take a selfie of the Beidou Double Star “Brothersâ€. This is because the designers of the 508 hospitals have equipped them with new CMOS cameras. Compared with the previous generation products, this “self-timer artifact†is light in weight, small in size, and greatly reduced in power consumption. It also has a storage function for the first time, and can access the pictures at any time, so that people can keep abreast of the current situation of “brothersâ€. Rigorous system innovation High-density, high-intensity innovations must not rely on “random†and “incidentalâ€, but require extremely rigorous system planning and advancement. Whether it is a top-level design or a technical system, system innovation is required. "Synergy" is also an important feature of system innovation Wang Ping, chief designer of Beidou Navigation Satellite System of China Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, said that in general, if 45% of the technologies used in newly developed satellites are new technologies, it is a difficult development work. The Beidou Double Star, the new technology and new products accounted for nearly 80% of all satellite products, creating China's space history, the difficulty of innovation can be imagined. Such high-density, high-intensity innovations must not rely on "random" and "coincident", but require extremely rigorous system planning and advancement. This "systemicity" is first reflected in the top-level design. Since the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan", the five institutes have launched the "autonomous controllable project for spacecraft components", forming a 20-category, nearly a thousand component-type spectrum framework covering the needs of the next five years, and establishing a complete decision-making, development, Application verification evaluation system. The Fifth Academy also established a “command†specializing in localized management, and compiled the “Framework for the Construction of Demand Models for Spacecraft Components of the Five Institutesâ€. The roadmap for the autonomous control of spacecraft components was clarified from the top, and the implementation steps were detailed. And strategy. System innovation is also reflected in the formation of the technical system. For example, after the exploration and practice of the previous Beidou navigation satellite, the General Assembly and Environmental Engineering Department of the Fifth Hospital formed a technical system for the whole batch of trials, and it has a complete batch test technical process, and achieved the first large-scale spacecraft thermal test in China. , shortened the test cycle. This technical system enabled Beidou Double Star to realize the first heat-balance and thermal vacuum test of the first medium-sized satellite in China in the same container. The assembly technicians invented the virtual assembly method based on the spacecraft assembly simulation technology, which enabled the installation of the heavy equipment and the reverse process operation to pass the pass rate of 100%, saving time and effort, and discovering the assembly risk in advance. They invented the electromagnetic compatibility simulation system, eliminating the need to do more than a dozen tests to verify the inconvenience of a design, not only can quickly simulate, but also directly produce a variety of data, so that the designer's design work is more convenient and enhance the efficiency of innovation. "Collaboration" is also an important feature of system innovation. The "Independent Control Engineering for Spacecraft Components" of the Fifth Academy and the domestic research institutes and universities have set up an innovative "joint fleet", which has carried out nearly 100 application verification of components, and has led the domestic production plants to initiate development independently; in atomic clocks, traveling wave tubes In the localization of key load products such as amplifiers and solid-state amplifiers, the five institutes actively participated in more than 20 units of research institutes and universities in the United Nations, and coordinated key technology research and product development work. Finally, the payload components were realized in 6 years. All localization. Xie Jun said: "In the development process of the Beidou Double Star, the model of joint innovation has achieved good results. Next, the Beidou team will continue to adhere to this successful practice, unite all forces that can be united, with the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology, etc. The unit will jointly build a collaborative innovation system and accelerate the localization of the Beidou navigation satellite." Beidou innovation "open branches and leaves" The innovative technology of Beidou Double Star can be promoted in many industries and industries, and has opened up many new scientific fields for China. At present, the innovation around Beidou is constantly “opening branches and leaves†and approaching people’s side. The innovative technology of Beidou Double Star is not a “luxury†that is used only once, but a “popular product†that can move into many fields of economic and social development. China Army Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, the fifth director of the Beidou navigation satellite system, the general commander of the military, such as the Beidou double-star high-performance chip, there are many products with independent intellectual property rights in China, the relevant technology and technology in addition to the application in the development of Beidou navigation satellite, It is promoted in many industries and industries in China. For example, new technologies such as constellation reliability analysis and large-scale integrated circuit space applications applied on satellites will significantly promote the development of basic disciplines and industries such as structural materials, microprocessors, and electronic technologies in China. The Beidou Navigation Double Star "Brothers" has also opened up many new scientific fields for China. Chi Jun told reporters that the development of Beidou navigation satellite system will drive the overall design of spacecraft, spacecraft dynamics, spacecraft environmental test technology, space data system, spacecraft digital design, spacecraft structure and organization, emerging materials science, etc. The rapid development of the profession has promoted the establishment of new disciplines such as the establishment and maintenance of navigation constellation space-time reference, navigation signal generation and transmission, spatial micro-discharge mechanism and suppression, and atomic physics applications. At present, the innovation around Beidou is constantly “opening branches and leaves†and approaching people. In February of this year, an old man in Xi'an was robbed when he went out. He could not get up after being pushed down in a strange place. In a hurry, the old man pressed the family number button on the "Flying Neighboring Treasures" that he wore. The family immediately determined the position of the old man through the line of treasure, and rushed to the incident site within half an hour to rescue the old man. This "Flying Neighbors" is developed and produced by China Satellite Corporation, a subsidiary of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, and is a typical example of deep-growing innovation and "opening branches and leaves" based on Beidou navigation and positioning technology. It is understood that Beidou system has been widely used in transportation, marine fisheries, hydrological monitoring, weather forecasting, geodetic survey, disaster relief and disaster reduction, mobile phone navigation and other fields since it was officially serviced to the Asia-Pacific region in December 2012. More than 10 provinces such as Guangdong, Shanghai, Shaanxi, and Hunan have launched or plan to implement the Beidou application demonstration project. The Beidou system has benefited people's livelihood in the mass application fields such as high-precision driving test, elderly care, and child safety positioning. Experts from the Fifth Academy said that the civil development of the Beidou satellite navigation system needs to listen to the opinions of all sectors of society. To make the Beidou satellite navigation system stand in the forest of the world's satellite navigation system and obtain the right to speak, the role of Chinese enterprises must be fully utilized. "The Beidou system can be compatible with other systems," said Xie Jun. The researchers of the General Department of the Fifth Hospital specially developed the inter-satellite link system scheme and the inter-satellite network protocol for Beidou, and installed the Ka-band phased array antenna and the inter-satellite transceiver for the Beidou global system on the Beidou Double Star "Brothers". 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